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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1684 | - 1684—1684: York Factory is founded at the mouth of the Nelson River
York Factory is founded at the mouth of the Nelson River (MHS)
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| 2 | 1690 | - 1690—1690: Henry Kelsey joins a First Nations trading family bound for the prairies
16-year-old Henry Kelsey joins a First Nations trading family bound for the prairies and, the following year, is the first European to see vast herds of North American bison. (MHS)
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| 3 | 1731 | - 1731—1731: La Verendrye sets out for his first journey west
La Verendrye sets out for his first journey west, guided by First Nations people. (MHS)
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| 4 | 1738 | - 1738—1738: La Verendrye reaches the forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers.
La Verendrye with the help of his First Nations guides reaches the forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers. (MHS)
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| 5 | 1765 | - 1765—1766: After the British conquest of New France, Montreal-based traders arrive in the western interior
After the British conquest of New France, Montreal-based traders arrive in the western interior (MHS; British North America)
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| 6 | 1774 | - 1774—1774: Samuel Hearne builds Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan River
Samuel Hearne builds Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan River, the first inland HBC post established to complete with Montreal-based traders (MHS)
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| 7 | 1780 | - 1780—1782: Smallpox epidemic
Smallpox epidemic originating in Mexico City in 1779 decimates First Nations populations (MHS)
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| 8 | 1782 | - 1782—1784: Consolidation of the North West Company
Montreal fur trade partnerships developed in the 1770s lead to consolidation of the North West Company (MHS)
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| 9 | 1793 | - 1793—1793: Cuthbert Grant Senior founds a trading post for the North West Company
Cuthbert Grant Senior founds a trading post for the North West Company on the Assiniboine River three miles above the Souris River mouth (MHS)
- 1793—1793: HBC penetrates as far south as the Red and Assiniboine Rivers
HBC penetrates as far south as the Red and Assiniboine Rivers - Brandon House is founded on the Assiniboine three miles above the North West Company’s post. (MHS)
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| 10 | 1797 | - 1797—1798: First post established at Pembina
First post established at Pembina by Chaboillez for the North West Company (MHS)
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| 11 | 1801 | - 1801—1801: Alexander Henry the younger reaches the Forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers.
Alexander Henry the younger, travelling with Anishinaabe guides on behalf of the North West Company, reaches the Forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers (MHS)
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| 12 | 1810 | - 1810—1810: Fort Gibraltar established at the Forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers
Fort Gibraltar established for the North West Company at the Forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers (MHS)
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| 13 | 1811 | - 1811—1811: HBC grants Assiniboia to Lord Selkirk
HBC grants Assiniboia to Lord Selkirk to establish a colony of displaced Scots (MHS)
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| 14 | 1812 | - 1812—1812: First Selkirk Settlers arrive at Point Douglas
First Selkirk Settlers arrive at Point Douglas, overwinter at Fort Daer (MHS)
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| 15 | 1814 | - 1814—1814: Pressure on food supplies lead to the Pemmican Proclamation”.
Pressure on food supplies causes Governor Miles Macdonell to issue the “Pemmican Proclamation” (MHS)
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| 16 | 1815 | - 1815—1815: The explosion of Mount Tambora in Indonesia
The explosion of Mount Tambora in Indonesia causes crop failures and bitter weather on the prairies for two years; Selkirk settlers overwinter at Pembina, fed by the Metis there, and then return to start again (MHS)
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| 17 | 1816 | - 1816—1816: Pemmican shortages in Red River cause severe conflict between HBC and Metis free traders at Seven Oaks
Pemmican shortages in Red River cause severe conflict between HBC and Metis free traders at Seven Oaks; one Metis teenager and 21 HBC men die in the conflict (MHS)
- 1816—1816: Miles MacDonell and half the Selkirk Settlers leave for Ontario with the North West Company
Miles MacDonell and half the Selkirk Settlers leave for Ontario with the North West Company while the other half overwinters at Norway House (MHS)
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| 18 | 1817 | - 1817—1817: Lord Selkirk’s hired Swiss soldiers, the Des Meuron regiment, recapture Fort Douglas
Lord Selkirk’s hired Swiss soldiers, the Des Meuron regiment, recapture Fort Douglas (MHS)
- 1817—1817: Lord Selkirk visits Red River and signs a land-sharing treaty with five indigenous leaders, including Chief Peguis
Lord Selkirk visits Red River and signs a land-sharing treaty with five indigenous leaders, including Chief Peguis (MHS)
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| 19 | 1818 | - 1818—1818: Lord Selkirk helps to bring the first Roman Catholic missionariesto the Selkirk settlement
Lord Selkirk helps to bring the first Roman Catholic missionaries, including Father Provencher, to the Selkirk settlement and their church is established at St. Boniface (MHS)
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| 20 | 1820 | - 1820—1820: First Anglican missionary arrives at Selkirk settlement
First Anglican missionary, John West, arrives at Selkirk settlement and establishes the first school in Red River
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| 21 | 1821 | - 1821—1821: Amalgamation of the North West Company and HBC
Amalgamation of the North West Company and HBC brings the fur trade war to an end (MHS)
- 1821—1821: Population of Red River begins to grow exponentially
Population of Red River begins to grow exponentially after retired fur traders and their families move to the area (MHS)
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| 22 | 1822 | - 1822—1822: Fort Gibraltar renamed Fort Garry
Fort Gibraltar renamed Fort Garry honoring Nicholas Garry who came from London to supervise the reorganization of the new company (MHS)
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| 23 | 1823 | - 1823—1823: Much of the Pembina Metis community relocates to the White Horse Plains and St. Boniface
Much of the Pembina Metis community relocates to the White Horse Plains and St. Boniface (MHS)
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| 24 | 1824 | - 1824—1824: St. John’s, the first Anglican church, built
St. John’s, the first Anglican church, built. (MHS)
- 1824—1824: Métis leader Cuthbert Grant founds Grantown (now St. Francois Xavier)
Métis leader Cuthbert Grant founds Grantown (now St. Francois Xavier) on the White Horse Plain (MHS)
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| 25 | 1826 | - 1826—1826: Great flood almost destroys the Selkirk Settlement
Great flood almost destroys the Selkirk Settlement, causing many settlers to leave (MHS)
- 1826—1826: George Simpson appointed acting Governor-in-Chief of Rupert’s Land
George Simpson appointed acting Governor-in-Chief of Rupert’s Land (MHS)
- 1826—1826: First St. Andrew’s Anglican Church near Lockport is erected
First St. Andrew’s Anglican Church near Lockport is erected (MHS)
- 1826—1827: Exodus of Des Meurons from Red River following the flood
Exodus of Des Meurons, among them artist Peter Rindisbacher, from Red River following the flood (MHS)
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Rick Dondo's Family Tree
1834 - 1853 (19 years)